Frederick II, also known as Frederick the Great, is remembered not only for his military prowess but also for his enlightened rule and commitment to the welfare of his people. A proponent of the Enlightenment, Frederick was an advocate for religious tolerance, legal reform, and education. He believed in the importance of fostering intellectual growth and made efforts to promote the arts and sciences in his kingdom.

Frederick’s approach to governance was characterized by his respect for the autonomy of his subjects. He frequently corresponded with leading intellectuals of his time, such as Voltaire, and sought to implement reforms that would benefit both the state and its citizens. His reign, while marked by military successes, was also marked by a commitment to justice and the betterment of his people’s lives. He once famously said, “I am the first servant of the state,” which encapsulated his belief that a ruler’s duty was to serve the needs of the people.

 King Louis IX of France (1214–1270)

Louis IX, also known as Saint Louis, was the King of France in the 13th century and is considered one of the kindest and most just monarchs in history. A devout Christian, Louis IX was deeply committed to justice, charity, and the welfare of his people. He was known for his personal humility and his dedication to making fair and moral decisions. His reign was marked by efforts to reform the French legal system, ensuring that justice was accessible to all people, regardless of their social status.

Louis IX was also known for his compassion toward the poor and sick. He established hospitals and orphanages and personally participated in charitable activities, giving generously to those in need. He even used the wealth of his kingdom to fund religious endeavors, including an ill-fated crusade to the Holy Land. Despite the failure of his crusade, his reputation for kindness and fairness endured, and he was eventually canonized as a saint by the Catholic Church. shutdown123